ISO 13849: Performance Levels (PL) Explained

Date
2028-08-11
Location
Online
Host
ISO 13849 (Functional Safety)

About this event

A live 30-minute expert session on Performance Levels (PL) Explained (ISO 13849).

What We'll Cover:

  • What Performance Levels (PL) Explained is and where it sits in the ISO 13849 safety framework
  • The core method, step by step, with the decisions that matter
  • How it maps to ISO 13849 and the artifacts it produces
  • Common mistakes that get findings raised in assessment
  • The traceability and evidence an auditor looks for

Related topics: performance levels explained · performance · levels · explained · performance level · PL · PLr · machinery safety · safety function · category · MTTFd · diagnostic coverage · DCavg · CCF · safety-related parts of control systems · IEC 62061

Critical Systems Analysis provides embedded functional safety consulting for ISO 13849.

Note: this session's content is researched from publicly available standard text; it is not sourced from a CSA training deck.

Learn more: https://criticalsystemsanalysis.com

Partner with us: https://meetings.hubspot.com/benjamin-twombly/strategic-partnerships

— The Complete Functional Safety Session Library —

ISO 26262 — Automotive Functional Safety

Foundations & Concepts

  • Essentials of The Safety Lifecycle, End to End in ISO 26262
  • Fundamentals of Tailoring the Safety Lifecycle — ISO 26262
  • Item Definition, Done Right per ISO 26262 Made Clear
  • What Automotive Functional Safety Actually Means for ISO 26262 — Key Concepts
  • Fundamentals of ISO 26262 — Why the Standard Exists — Legal and Liability Drivers
  • Navigating Understanding ASIL (A, B, C, D) per ISO 26262
  • Exploring An Item Definition Worked Example under ISO 26262
  • Applying What Counts as Unreasonable Risk — ISO 26262
  • Navigating Structure of the Standard (Parts 1–12) per ISO 26262

Risk & Requirements

  • Mastering Writing Technical Safety Requirements (TSRs) under ISO 26262
  • A Practical Guide to ISO 26262: Software Safety Requirements and Architecture
  • The Complete Guide to Hazard Identification, Step by Step for ISO 26262
  • Understanding Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment (HARA) per ISO 26262
  • Freedom From Interference and ASIL Coexistence under ISO 26262 Essentials
  • A Practical Guide to ISO 26262: Determining ASIL from Exposure, Severity, Controllability
  • Common Pitfalls in ASIL Decomposition (ISO 26262) for Practitioners
  • Essentials of From Safety Goals to the Functional Safety Concept per ISO 26262
  • Fundamentals of Hardware Safety Requirements — ISO 26262
  • Mastering Coexistence of Elements of Different ASIL under ISO 26262
  • Hands-On Safety Requirements — Characteristics of a Good One per ISO 26262

Architecture & Design

  • Introduction to Verifying Hardware Design — ISO 26262
  • Getting Started with ISO 26262: The Technical Safety Concept
  • Essentials of Hardware Design and Detailed Design per ISO 26262
  • ISO 26262: Safety Mechanisms and Fault Handling — Key Concepts
  • Understanding Workshop (Calculating Hardware Architectural Metrics) per ISO 26262
  • Hands-On ISO 26262: System Architecture and Requirement Allocation
  • Hardware Architectural Metrics (SPFM, LFM, PMHF) in ISO 26262 for Safety Engineers

Hardware, Metrics & Communication

  • Essentials of Evaluating Random Hardware Failures in ISO 26262

Software & Systematic

  • Essentials of Verification and the V-Model (ISO 26262)
  • Working with ISO 26262 — The V-Model for Automotive Safety Development

Verification, Validation & Assessment

  • The Safety Case, Explained for ISO 26262 Essentials
  • Understanding Review, Audit, Assessment (ISO 26262)

Management, Lifecycle & Compliance

  • The Role of the Safety Manager per ISO 26262 Made Clear
  • Quality Management vs Functional Safety (ISO 26262) for Practitioners
  • Navigating ISO 26262 — Supplier–Customer Interfaces (DIA)
  • Making Sense of The Safety Plan for ISO 26262
  • ISO 26262 — Release for Production and Beyond, Step by Step
  • Practical Building a Functional Safety Management System — ISO 26262
  • Competence Management for Safety Teams under ISO 26262 in Practice
  • Field Monitoring and Safety in the Field for ISO 26262 — Key Concepts
  • Introduction to Safety Culture in Practice under ISO 26262

Context & Related Standards

  • A Practical Guide to ISO 26262 vs SOTIF (ISO 21448): Where Each Applies

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  • The Complete Guide to Transitioning to a Safe State for ISO 26262
  • Navigating ISO 26262: FMEA, FTA, and FMEDA

IEC 61508 — Functional Safety Foundations

Foundations & Concepts

  • Deep Dive: What Trustworthy Software Requires (Part 3) for IEC 61508
  • Terms and Definitions You Need to Know under IEC 61508 Essentials
  • What Functional Safety Means for E/E/PE Systems (IEC 61508) for Safety Engineers
  • Deep Dive: The Structure of the Standard (Parts 1–7) (IEC 61508)
  • Deep Dive: The Overall Safety Lifecycle for IEC 61508
  • Introduction to Understanding Safety Integrity Levels (SIL) — IEC 61508

Risk & Requirements

  • Getting Started with Hazard and Risk Analysis — IEC 61508
  • Practical Risk Reduction and the ALARP Principle — IEC 61508
  • Demystifying Allocating Safety Functions and SIL Targets (IEC 61508)
  • The Safety Requirements Specification (SRS) — IEC 61508 for Practitioners
  • Demystifying Worked Example per IEC 61508

Architecture & Design

  • Understanding Architectural Constraints (IEC 61508)
  • Exploring IEC 61508 — E/E/PE System Design and Development
  • Demystifying Software Requirements and Architecture in IEC 61508-3

Hardware, Metrics & Communication

  • Sensors, Logic Solvers, and Final Elements for IEC 61508, Explained
  • Working with Residual Error Rate of Safe Communication per IEC 61508
  • Applying Safe Communication and the Black-Channel Approach — IEC 61508
  • Hardware Fault Tolerance (HFT), Explained in IEC 61508 for Safety Engineers
  • Mastering Common Cause Failures and the Beta Factor — IEC 61508
  • Getting Started with IEC 61508: Bus Systems in Safety Applications
  • IEC 61508: Safe Failure Fraction (SFF) and Diagnostic Coverage, Step by Step
  • Mastering Proof Testing and the Proof-Test Interval — IEC 61508
  • Making Sense of IEC 61508: PFD, PFH, and Failure Rates (FIT)
  • Inside Route 1H vs Route 2H, Explained under IEC 61508

Software & Systematic

  • Understanding Managing Systematic Faults (Part 2) under IEC 61508
  • Essentials of The Software Safety Lifecycle in IEC 61508
  • Techniques and Measures Tables, Explained per IEC 61508-3, Step by Step
  • Random vs Systematic Failures in IEC 61508 in Practice
  • Fundamentals of Systematic Capability and Route 1S/2S/3S — IEC 61508

Verification, Validation & Assessment

  • A Field Guide to Functional Safety Assessment (FSA) for IEC 61508
  • Documentation and the Safety Case for IEC 61508 — Key Concepts
  • Making Sense of Verification and Validation Planning for IEC 61508

Management, Lifecycle & Compliance

  • Demystifying Functional Safety Management in IEC 61508
  • Building an IEC 61508 Compliance Plan in IEC 61508 in Practice

Context & Related Standards

  • Fundamentals of Low-Demand vs High-Demand Modes of Operation under IEC 61508
  • Machinery Functional Safety — IEC 61508 and ISO 13849 for Safety Engineers
  • Inside From Generic to Process Sector under IEC 61508 and IEC 61511
  • Product Liability and the Legal Case for Safety under IEC 61508 Essentials
  • Exploring Fault Avoidance vs Fault Control under IEC 61508

More sessions

  • Working with Realizing the Safety-Related System per IEC 61508

FMEA & HARA — Hazard & Failure Analysis

Foundations & Concepts

  • Navigating General Introduction FMEA per FMEA
  • Applying Elements of a FMEA — FMEA

Risk & Requirements

  • HARA, HAZOP, STPA for Hazard Analysis Techniques Compared — Key Concepts
  • Introduction to Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment, Explained under HARA
  • Practical : Determining ASIL with HARA (ISO 26262)
  • Common Pitfalls in Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment under Essentials
  • Applying : From HARA to Safety Goals

Verification, Validation & Assessment

  • Failure Mode Effect and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) — FMEA for Practitioners

More sessions

  • Hands-On FMEA: System – FMEA
  • FMEA: Safety Output Devices, Step by Step
  • FMEA results and safety-related parameter for Essentials

UL 4600 — Autonomous Systems Safety

Foundations & Concepts

  • Demystifying Enabling Sensors and Technologies for ADAS and AV Lidar in UL 4600
  • Levels of Automation from SAE J3016: Level 3 – Conditional Automation under UL 4600 in Practice
  • Mastering Enabling Sensors and Technologies for ADAS and AV Radar under UL 4600
  • Fundamentals of Levels of Automation from SAE J3016: Level 2 – Partial Automation under UL 4600
  • Working with UL 4600 — Levels of Automation from SAE J3016: Level 5 – Full Automation
  • Hands-On Enabling Sensors and Technologies for ADAS and AV Ultrasonic Sensors (USS) (UL 4600)
  • Getting Started with UL 4600: Levels of Automation from SAE J3016: Level 4 – High Automation
  • SAE J3016 defines Six Levels of Automation (UL 4600) for Safety Engineers
  • Fundamentals of Enabling Sensors and Technologies for ADAS and AV Cameras under UL 4600

The Standard: Structure & Parts

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  • Deep Dive: UL-4600 Part 7 – Interactions (UL 4600)
  • A Field Guide to UL-4600 Part 13 – Tool Qualification, COTS, Legacy Components (UL 4600)
  • Deep Dive: UL-4600 Part 8 – Autonomy Functions for UL 4600
  • Working with UL-4600 Part 11 – Data and Networking per UL 4600
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  • UL-4600 Part 16 – Metrics and SPIs (UL 4600) for Practitioners
  • Navigating UL 4600 — UL-4600 Part 12 – Verification, Validation and Test
  • Making Sense of : UL 4600 is Goal-based and Technology-agnostic
  • UL-4600 Part 15 – Maintenance for UL 4600, Explained
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  • The Complete Guide to UL-4600 Part 17 – Assessment (UL 4600)
  • Introduction to UL-4600 Part 9 – Software and Systems Process under UL 4600
  • Understanding UL 4600 — UL-4600 Part 14 – Lifecycle Concerns
  • Working with UL-4600 Parts 1 - 4 per UL 4600
  • A Field Guide to UL-4600 Part 5 – Safety Case (UL 4600)

Risk & Requirements

  • Applying Operational Design Domain Environmental Aspects — UL 4600
  • Introduction to Operational Design Domain ODD Violations under UL 4600
  • Operational Design Domain ODD Changes per UL 4600, Step by Step
  • Mastering Operational Design Domain ODD Requirements under UL 4600
  • Deep Dive: Operational Design Domain ODD Description (UL 4600)
  • Operational Design Domain Scenario Description Language — UL 4600 for Safety Engineers

Hardware, Metrics & Communication

  • Making Sense of UL 4600: Fault Model : Sensors

Software & Systematic

  • Fundamentals of Fault Model Sample Database under UL 4600
  • A Field Guide to UL 4600 Fault Models for

Verification, Validation & Assessment

  • Run-Time Monitoring in UL 4600 in Practice
  • Working with UL 4600 — Safety Case Updates
  • Hands-On V&V Coverage for UL 4600
  • V&V Methods in UL 4600
  • Verification and validation (V&V) in UL 4600
  • The Complete Guide to Test Oracle (UL 4600)
  • V&V Contribution in UL 4600

Context & Related Standards

  • Introduction to UL 4600 and Other Standards under
  • UL 4600 Versus SOTIF — for Practitioners
  • UL 4600 compared to ISO Standards () for Safety Engineers
  • Navigating UL 4600 — Relationship: UL 4600 and Other Standards

More sessions

  • Demystifying Issues and Approaches for Human-Machine Interaction (UL 4600)

ISO/SAE 21434 — Automotive Cybersecurity

Foundations & Concepts

  • Essentials of Motivation / Introduction (ISO 21434)
  • Inside Item definition under ISO 21434

The Standard: Structure & Parts

  • Operations and maintenance in ISO 21434 for Safety Engineers

Risk & Requirements

  • Concept Phase — ISO 21434 for Practitioners
  • Inside ISO 21434 — Cybersecurity terms
  • Navigating Threat analysis and risk assessment (TARA) per ISO 21434
  • Demystifying Cybersecurity Concept per ISO 21434
  • Understanding Vulnerability Analysis under ISO 21434
  • A Practical Guide to ISO 21434: Vulnerability Management

Architecture & Design

  • Applying ISO 21434: Product development - Design

Software & Systematic

  • Cyber Security Training (ISO 21434)

Verification, Validation & Assessment

  • Exploring ISO 21434 — Cybersecurity Verification
  • Cybersecurity Validation (ISO 21434)
  • Working with ISO 21434 — Product Development – Integration Verification
  • Product Development Security Testing (ISO 21434) for Practitioners

Management, Lifecycle & Compliance

  • Product Development - Implementation for ISO 21434, Explained
  • Essentials of Case Study per ISO 21434
  • Organizational Cybersecurity Management under ISO 21434 in Practice
  • Understanding ISO 21434 — Project Dependent Cybersecurity Management
  • The Complete Guide to Standards / Legal Aspects for ISO 21434
  • Understanding End of cybersecurity support and decommissioning under ISO 21434
  • Hands-On Product Development - Requirements for ISO 21434
  • Practical Distributed cybersecurity activities — ISO 21434

ISO 26262-11 — Semiconductor Functional Safety

Foundations & Concepts

  • Functional Safety versus Safety of the Intended Function — ISO 26262-11 for Safety Engineers
  • A Practical Guide to Need for ISO 26262 for ISO 26262-11
  • Applying History of ISO 26262 — ISO 26262-11
  • Practical ISO 26262-11: Scope of ISO 26262

Risk & Requirements

  • Working with ISO 26262-11 — Exposure, Severity and Controllability
  • Introduction to Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment (HARA) — ISO 26262-11
  • ASIL Determination in ISO 26262-11

Hardware, Metrics & Communication

  • Introduction to Semiconductor Functional Safety Based on ISO 26262 — ISO 26262-11

Verification, Validation & Assessment

  • Exploring Safety Management - ISO 26262 Part 2 Functional Safety Assessment under ISO 26262-11
  • Applying ISO 26262-11: Safety Management - ISO 26262 Part 2 Safety Plan and Safety Case

Management, Lifecycle & Compliance

  • Essentials of Safety Culture per ISO 26262-11
  • Safety Management - ISO 26262 Part 2 Confirmation measure for ISO 26262-11, Explained
  • Working with Safety Management - ISO 26262 Part 2 Safety Manager per ISO 26262-11
  • Safety Management - ISO 26262 Part 2 Safety Culture is Important for ISO 26262-11 — Key Concepts

More sessions

  • Practical ISO 26262 — ISO 26262-11

ISO/PAS 8800 — Safety & Artificial Intelligence

Foundations & Concepts

  • ISO 8800 — AI/ML Definitions and Concepts, Step by Step
  • ISO 8800 — Safety and artificial intelligence for Road Vehicles – ISO/TC PAS 8800, Step by Step
  • Applying ISO 8800: AI Safety Standard Framework
  • Inside Relevance of Artificial Intelligence in Automotive Applications under ISO 8800

Risk & Requirements

  • Need for additional safety requirements on AI systems – Solution for ISO 8800 Essentials
  • A Practical Guide to General workflow for deriving safety requirements – Solution for ISO 8800
  • Dataset Requirements Development- Exercise under ISO 8800 in Practice
  • Exploring ISO 8800 — Operational design domain
  • Making Sense of Need for additional safety requirements on AI systems – Exercise for ISO 8800
  • Inside ISO 8800 — General workflow for deriving safety requirements – Exercise

Architecture & Design

  • Practical ISO 8800: Dataset Design- Exercise

Hardware, Metrics & Communication

  • Understanding ISO 8800 — Performance metrics [9]

Software & Systematic

  • Inside Generalization error under ISO 8800
  • Demystifying Linear regression per ISO 8800
  • ISO 8800: Dataset Safety Analysis - Exercise — Key Concepts
  • Practical ISO 8800: Aspects related to machine learning (ML)
  • ISO 8800 — Reinforcement Learning — Key Concepts
  • Essentials of Dataset Safety Analysis - Solution (ISO 8800)
  • The Complete Guide to Dataset Safety Analysis – Exercise Open discussion for ISO 8800
  • Practical ISO 8800: Background to Machine Learning and AI
  • Implications for off-line training of machine learning algorithms — ISO 8800 for Safety Engineers
  • Hands-On Supervised & Unsupervised Machine Learning for ISO 8800
  • Background: Statistical Learning for ISO 8800, Explained
  • ISO 8800 — Decision tree — Key Concepts

Verification, Validation & Assessment

  • Essentials of Verification and validation of AI systems - Solution in ISO 8800
  • The Complete Guide to Verification and validation of AI systems - Exercise (ISO 8800)

More sessions

  • Exploring ISO 26262 under ISO 8800

Functional Safety Assessment — Assessment & Services

Foundations & Concepts

  • What Is Functional Safety? A Plain-English Introduction under
  • How to Scope a Functional Safety Consulting Engagement under

Verification, Validation & Assessment

  • The Complete Guide to Methods and Evidence (Functional Safety Verification)
  • Functional Safety Audit vs Assessment — The Difference, Step by Step
  • Inside — Functional Safety Testing for Safety-Critical Systems
  • Getting Started with Planning FSAs Across the Lifecycle (FSA-1 to FSA-4) —
  • Why and When (Independent Functional Safety Assessment)
  • Demystifying What to Expect in Functional Safety Assessment (FSA)

Context & Related Standards

  • Industrial Functional Safety — The Standards Landscape — Key Concepts

IEC 62443 — Industrial Cybersecurity

Foundations & Concepts

  • Introduction to Definitions Security Safety — IEC 62443

Risk & Requirements

  • Mastering SDLC-Security Requirements Specification — IEC 62443
  • Getting Started with SDLC-Security Risk Assessment and Threat Modeling — IEC 62443

Architecture & Design

  • The Complete Guide to SDLC-Software Design (IEC 62443)
  • A Field Guide to SDLC-Software Architecture Design (IEC 62443)

Software & Systematic

  • SDLC-Module Implementation — IEC 62443 for Practitioners
  • Essentials of SDLC-Module Testing in IEC 62443

Verification, Validation & Assessment

  • Practical Security Verification — IEC 62443

Management, Lifecycle & Compliance

  • Security Level in IEC 62443
  • Hands-On SDLC-Security Defect and Update Management for IEC 62443
  • Management Plan per IEC 62443 Made Clear
  • Mastering Legal Aspects — IEC 62443

More sessions

  • A Field Guide to SDLC-Document Security Guidelines (IEC 62443)
  • Motivation Cyber Security — IEC 62443 for Safety Engineers
  • Making Sense of SDLC-Security Tools for IEC 62443

V-Model — The V-Model & Safety Lifecycle

Architecture & Design

  • Mastering Requirements and Design under Left Side of the V

Software & Systematic

  • The V-Model for Functional Safety, Explained in for Safety Engineers
  • Making Sense of : Traceability Across the V-Model
  • Essentials of Requirements to Validation (V-Model for Systems Engineering)
  • Demystifying Mapping Safety Activities onto the V-Model per
  • : The V-Model in Automotive Development (ISO 26262) — Key Concepts
  • Exploring — V-Model vs Agile for Safety-Critical Development

Verification, Validation & Assessment

  • Right Side of the V: Integration, Verification, Validation — Key Concepts

AI Safety — AI & Machine Learning Safety

Foundations & Concepts

  • Mastering Functional Safety Basics — AI & Functional Safety
  • Exploring Terms and Definitions under AI & Functional Safety
  • AI & Functional Safety: AI/ML Definitions and Concepts, Step by Step

Software & Systematic

  • Statistical Learning per AI & Functional Safety, Step by Step
  • Deep Dive: Basic notions of artificial neural networks (AI & Functional Safety)
  • Deep Dive: Machine Learning in Industry for AI & Functional Safety
  • Demystifying Machine Learning & Cybersecurity (AI & Functional Safety)
  • Essentials of Machine Learning & Functional Safety (AI & Functional Safety)
  • Machine Learning - Training for AI & Functional Safety Essentials

Context & Related Standards

  • Getting Started with Trust and Trustworthiness — AI & Functional Safety
  • A Field Guide to Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI for AI & Functional Safety
  • Demystifying Standards & Regulations in AI & Functional Safety
  • Deep Dive: VDE-AR-E 2842-61 (AI & Functional Safety)
  • The Complete Guide to Legal Provisions for AI & Functional Safety

ISO 21448 — Safety of the Intended Functionality

Risk & Requirements

  • Getting Started with ISO 21448: Hazard identification and risk analysis
  • Validation and evaluation of unknown hazardous scenarios (ISO 21448)
  • ISO 21448 — Verification and evaluation of known hazardous scenarios — Key Concepts
  • Inside ISO 21448 — Acceptance criteria and validation targets
  • A Practical Guide to Analysis of functional insufficiencies and triggering conditions for ISO 21448

Architecture & Design

  • A Practical Guide to ADAS and AV system specification and design for ISO 21448

Verification, Validation & Assessment

  • A Field Guide to Criteria for SOTIF Release for ISO 21448
  • A Practical Guide to ISO 21448: Verification and Validation Strategy
  • Analyzing SOTIF using FMEA, Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), and STPA under ISO 21448

Management, Lifecycle & Compliance

  • Fundamentals of Process-oriented requirements for safety development — ISO 21448
  • ISO 21448 — Operating phase activities — Key Concepts

Context & Related Standards

  • Applying ISO 21448: Functional modifications to reduce SOTIF risks

More sessions

  • Demystifying Wrap-up and Discussion Topics per ISO 21448
  • Making Sense of ISO 21448: Intro to Advanced Driver Assistance (ADAS) and Autonomous Vehicles (AV)

ISO 12100 — Machinery Risk Assessment

Foundations & Concepts

  • EN ISO 12100 Explained: Scope and Structure, Step by Step

Risk & Requirements

  • A Practical Guide to How to Perform a Machinery Risk Assessment (ISO 12100) for
  • Risk Estimation and Risk Evaluation (ISO 12100) in in Practice
  • Fundamentals of Documenting Machinery Risk Assessment for CE Marking —
  • Residual Risk and the Risk Graph (ISO 12100) per Made Clear
  • Hazard Identification under ISO 12100 in in Practice
  • Hands-On Building an ISO 12100 Risk Assessment Checklist for
  • A Worked Example per ISO 12100 Risk Assessment, Step by Step
  • Deep Dive: From Hazard to Safety Requirement with ISO 12100 for
  • Navigating ISO 12100 — Machinery Risk Assessment, Step by Step
  • Essentials of The Three-Step Method (ISO 12100) per Risk Reduction
  • Getting Started with Common Mistakes in ISO 12100 Risk Assessments —

Context & Related Standards

  • Demystifying How They Work Together (ISO 12100 and ISO 13849)

More sessions

  • A Practical Workflow (ISO 12100 for Machine Builders) for Safety Engineers

FTA — Fault Tree Analysis

Foundations & Concepts

  • Inside — What Is Fault Tree Analysis in Safety?

Risk & Requirements

  • Using FTA to Verify Safety Goals under

Verification, Validation & Assessment

  • Navigating — Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) for Safety-Critical Systems
  • A Field Guide to Cut Sets and Probabilities (Quantitative FTA)
  • Getting Started with : Building Your First Fault Tree, Step by Step

Context & Related Standards

  • Hands-On FTA vs FMEA: When to Use Which

ISO 13849 — Machinery Safety

Risk & Requirements

  • Software Safety Requirements for SRP/CS — ISO 13849 for Practitioners
  • ISO 13849: Determining Required Performance Level (PLr) by Risk Graph — Key Concepts

Architecture & Design

  • Making Sense of Designing Safety Functions to ISO 13849 for
  • ISO 13849 — Category B, 1, 2, 3, and 4 Essentials
  • Category 3 Architecture in Detail under ISO 13849 in Practice
  • Category 4 Architecture in Detail under ISO 13849 Essentials
  • Category 2 Architecture and Test Rate per ISO 13849, Step by Step
  • Applying ISO 13849: Emergency Stop Function Design

Hardware, Metrics & Communication

  • Exploring ISO 13849 — Performance Levels (PL) Explained
  • Calculating Required Performance Level (PLr) per Made Clear
  • Validating Performance Level with PL Verification for ISO 13849, Explained
  • Quantifying MTTFd, DC, and CCF for ISO 13849 — Key Concepts
  • Estimation and Measures per ISO 13849, Explained
  • Common Cause Failure (CCF) Scoring for ISO 13849, Explained
  • MTTFd from B10d and Component Data for ISO 13849 — Key Concepts

Software & Systematic

  • Safety-Related Application Software (SRASW) — ISO 13849 for Safety Engineers
  • ISO 13849 — Safety-Related Embedded Software (SRESW), Step by Step
  • Systematic Failures and Measures Against Them in ISO 13849 in Practice

Verification, Validation & Assessment

  • ISO 13849 — Validation Plan and Validation Records — Key Concepts

Management, Lifecycle & Compliance

  • Applying Worked Example (Bringing a Machine into Compliance) (ISO 13849)

Context & Related Standards

  • ISO 13849 vs IEC 62061 — Choosing a Standard, Step by Step
  • Using SISTEMA for PL Calculation under ISO 13849
  • Fault Exclusion and Well-Tried Components for ISO 13849 Essentials
  • Combining SRP/CS and Safety Functions in Series — ISO 13849 for Practitioners
  • Choosing the Right Standard (ISO 13849 vs IEC 62061) — , Explained
  • Manual Reset and Start/Restart Functions in ISO 13849 for Safety Engineers
  • Understanding Muting of Safety Functions under ISO 13849
  • Understanding ISO 13849 — Enabling Devices and Hold-to-Run Controls
  • Mastering Two-Hand Control Devices under ISO 13849
  • Mastering Guard Interlocking and Guard Locking — ISO 13849

R15.06 — Industrial Robot Safety

Foundations & Concepts

  • A Field Guide to Understanding the Safety Requirements for Industrial Robots and Robot Systems for R15.06

The Standard: Structure & Parts

  • Mastering Maintenance, Service, and Lockout/Tagout — R15.06

Risk & Requirements

  • Risk Assessment for Robot Systems (R15.06) for Practitioners
  • Understanding R15.06 — End-Effector and Tooling Hazards
  • Deep Dive: Singularity and Axis-Limit Hazards (R15.06)

Architecture & Design

  • Essentials of Cell Layout and Ergonomic Access Design in R15.06

Hardware, Metrics & Communication

  • Category 0, 1, and 2 Stops (Robot Stopping Functions) per R15.06 Essentials

Software & Systematic

  • Fundamentals of Operator Training and Competency Requirements — R15.06

Verification, Validation & Assessment

  • Applying R15.06: Validation of the Robot System Installation
  • A Practical Guide to Attended Program Verification at Reduced Speed for R15.06
  • Fundamentals of Change Management and Re-Assessment After Modifications under R15.06

Management, Lifecycle & Compliance

  • Essentials of Documentation and User Information Requirements per R15.06

More sessions

  • Manufacturer vs. Integrator Safety Responsibilities (R15.06)
  • Safeguarding and Perimeter Guarding Requirements (R15.06) for Safety Engineers
  • R15.06: Teach Pendant and Programming Mode Safety, Step by Step
  • Collaborative Robot Operation Requirements — R15.06 for Safety Engineers
  • R15.06 — Safety-Rated Soft Axis and Space Limiting, Step by Step
  • Enabling Devices and Three-Position Switches in R15.06
  • Presence-Sensing Safeguarding Devices in R15.06 in Practice
  • Safeguarded, Restricted, and Operating Space in R15.06 for Safety Engineers
  • Understanding Speed and Motion Limits in Manual Mode under R15.06
  • Mastering Multi-Robot and Shared-Workspace Cell Safety under R15.06
  • Applying Awareness Barriers and Warning Devices — R15.06
  • A Practical Guide to R15.06: Muting and Bypassing of Safeguards
  • Deep Dive: Emergency Stop Circuit Requirements for R15.06
  • Essentials of Safety Controller Performance and Reliability (R15.06)
  • Working with Load/Unload Station and Material Handling Safety per R15.06
  • Working with R15.06 — Applying R15.06 alongside ANSI B11 Machine Safety
  • Inside Hand-Guiding and Direct Teaching Safety under R15.06
  • Inside R15.06 — Power and Force Limiting under R15.06

ISO 10218 — Robot & Robot System Safety

Risk & Requirements

  • ISO 10218-1: Safety Requirements for Industrial Robot Design — Key Concepts
  • Safety Requirements for Robot System Integration under ISO 10218-2
  • Risk Assessment Methodology for Robot Applications per ISO 10218, Step by Step
  • Practical ISO 10218: End Effectors and Application-Specific Hazards

Architecture & Design

  • The Complete Guide to Designing the Safeguarded Space for ISO 10218-2
  • Introduction to Designing a Cobot Application to Force Limits — ISO/TS 15066

Hardware, Metrics & Communication

  • Getting Started with Safety-Related Control System Performance (PL/SIL) — ISO 10218-1

Software & Systematic

  • Making Sense of ISO 10218: Software and Configuration Management for Robot Cells

Verification, Validation & Assessment

  • Demystifying Verification and Validation of the Integrated Cell in ISO 10218-2

Context & Related Standards

  • Key Differences for Global Robot Deployments per ISO 10218 vs R15.06 Made Clear
  • A Field Guide to Applying the Machinery Risk Framework for ISO 10218 and ISO 12100
  • CE Marking and the EU Machinery Regulation (ISO 10218)

More sessions

  • Power and Force Limiting for Collaborative Robots under ISO/TS 15066 in Practice
  • Speed and Separation Monitoring for Cobots under ISO/TS 15066 Essentials
  • Getting Started with ISO 10218-1: Robot Stopping Functions and Protective Stops
  • Hands-On ISO 10218-1: Axis and Space Limiting Functions
  • Hands-On Single Point of Control and Operating Modes for ISO 10218-1
  • The Complete Guide to Collaborative Operation Requirements for Robots (ISO 10218-1)
  • Demystifying Presence Sensing and Perimeter Safeguarding (ISO 10218-2)
  • Demystifying Manual Load/Unload and Interaction Zones per ISO 10218-2
  • Navigating Restart, Reset, and Resumption of Operation per ISO 10218-2
  • Navigating ISO/TS 15066 — The Four Collaborative Operation Methods
  • Exploring Safety-Rated Monitored Stop Explained under ISO/TS 15066
  • Exploring ISO/TS 15066 — Hand-Guiding Operation Requirements
  • Introduction to Biomechanical Limit Data and Body Regions under ISO/TS 15066
  • Practical Integrating Robots with Conveyors and AGVs — ISO 10218
  • Making Sense of Emergency Stop and Enabling Device Requirements for ISO 10218
  • A Field Guide to ISO 10218: The 2025 Revision — What Changed
  • Speed and Separation Monitoring Implementation (ISO 10218) for Practitioners
  • Information for Use and Instruction Handbooks (ISO 10218) for Safety Engineers
  • ISO 10218: Commissioning and Handover of Robot Systems, Step by Step

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